AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM:
The air conditioning system is the device that helps us keep our surroundings at the temperature we want. You can feel the effects of the system wherever you go because it is so common.
It can be installed in our houses, workplaces, cars, and even modern religious institutions. In other words, it can be applied in both domestic and professional environments. Aircon, AC, and A/C are common terms for air conditioning.
It includes a fan to circulate the conditioned air within the room. The enclosed area can be a building or a vehicle. Today, we’ll look at the definition, diagram, purposes, parts, types, and operating principle of an air conditioning system.
What is Air Conditioning System?
Air conditioning can be obtained through a mechanical air conditioner or a variety of other methods, such as passive cooling or ventilative cooling. Air conditioning is one of several devices and processes that offer heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC).
It operated on vapor-compression refrigeration and comes in a variety of sizes, from compact units that can be used in cars or small rooms to enormous units that can cool huge buildings.
The cooling and dehumidification of spaces with heat-generating electronics, such as computer servers and power amplifiers, is another use for air conditioning systems. It is also used in areas that contain fragile items like artwork.
As of 2018, the International Energy Agency (IEA) reported that 1.6 billion air conditioners were installed in buildings, accounting for 20% of global electricity consumption. By 2050, that figure should rise to 5.6 billion.
Components of Air Conditioner System
The parts of the commercial air conditioner are explained below:
#1 Compressor
The compressor is the system’s engine because it works with a fluid that easily converts gas to liquid. The compressor converts low-pressure gas into high-pressure, which commonly has a high temperature.
In order for it to function, a produced energized gas reduces the gap regions between molecules. The compressor releases this energized gas, also referred to as a refrigerant, which then enters the condenser.
#2 Condenser
The outdoor component of a heat pump or air conditioner is called a condenser, and depending on the season, it either releases or absorbs heat. Condensers for heat pumps and split air conditioners share the same fundamental components.
#3 Condenser Coil
As the high-pressure gas is converted into a liquid, the condenser coil contains a fan that cools the gas and converts it into a liquid form. The obtained liquid is utilized by the evaporator to perform the work. You’ll find the compressor and condenser outside of the home.
#4 Thermostat
The thermostat controls the heat energy inside and outside of an air conditioning system while maintaining the temperature of the system. A thermostat’s setting options include manual and automatic, depending on the design.
#5 Evaporator
Evaporators are part of the HVAC system that is located inside the home close to the boiler or furnace. They are linked to the condenser by a very thin pipe.
In the air conditioner, the high-pressure gas is changed into a low-pressure liquid. Due to the pressure drop, the liquid then turns into a gas. It is the fluid or refrigerant that cools and removes heat from the system.
The evaporator condenses the fluid into a gas, which is then compressed by the compressor. Everything happens in a cyclical way.
#6 Air Handler and Blowing Unit
These parts of the air conditioner work together to circulate cool air throughout the room and draw air to the evaporator. A duct system allows air to flow freely throughout the room.
#7 Fan
The indoor air handler of an AC unit is connected to the fan. The warm air in your house will be returned to the condenser by the fan. The recirculated air will return to the air handler, where it will be transformed into cool air and distributed throughout your duct and vent system all over your home.
#8 Filter
The heating and cooling system in your home uses HVAC filters, which have a crucial job to do. It removes tiny particles from the air that you and your family breathe, such as dust, pollen, pet dander, and other impurities. In order to keep them from being circulated again throughout your home, these particles are captured in the filter.
Below is a detailed diagram of an air conditioning system:
Working of Air Conditioner
Now that you have a basic understanding of an air conditioner’s parts. So let’s dive a little deeper and explain how the entire process functions.
The thermostat monitors and regulates the indoor air temperature and is typically mounted on a wall in the middle of the house. As soon as the thermostat detects that the air temperature needs to be lowered, it signals the air conditioning system components both inside and outside the home to begin working.
The fan on the indoor unit pulls hot air through return air ducts from the home. This air travels through filters that collect dust, lint, and other airborne particles. The heated indoor air that has been filtered then travels over a cold evaporator coil.
By absorbing heat from the indoor air and converting it to gas, the liquid refrigerant inside the evaporator coil cools the air passing over it. The blower fan of the indoor unit then circulates the cooled air back through the ductwork of the house and into the different living spaces.
Through a copper tube, the refrigerant gas leaves the house and enters the compressor of the outdoor air conditioner. Consider the compressor to be a large electric pump. The compressor pressurizes the refrigerant gas before delivering it to the condenser coil of the outdoor unit.
The condenser coil has the ability to absorb and release heat from the house thanks to a large fan that forces outside air through it. The refrigerant is changed back into a liquid during this process. After that, it returns to the indoor unit via a copper tube and passes through an expansion device to control the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator coil.
As the refrigerant cools, more heat is absorbed from the air, and the cycle repeats.
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