Important elements of measurements - methods of measurements - needs for inspection - need for measurement - important terminology

 The methods of measurement can be classified as:

(1) DIRECT METHOD

This is a simple method of measurement, in which the value of the quantity to be measured is obtained directly without the calculations.

For example, measurements by scales, vernier callipers, micrometers, bevel protector etc.

This method is most widely used in production. This method is not very accurate because it depends on human judgment.  

(2) INDIRECT METHOD

In indirect method the value of quantity to be measured is obtained by measuring other quantities which are functionally related to required value.
for example, angle measurement by sine bar, measurement of shaft power by dynamometer etc.

The Role of Metrology in Quality Assurance and Control

Metrology plays a vital role in both quality assurance and control. 

Quality assurance refers to the processes that ensure products meet specified requirements. Methods that include quality management systems and quality standards prevent defects during production. On the other hand, quality control takes place after a product is manufactured to determine if a product meets standards. These processes include product sampling, inspection, testing, and verification.

Manufacturers can maintain accurate and reliable measuring instruments used in production through metrology. Metrology ensures consistent and precise measurements that prevent defects or miscalculations that impact the overall manufactured output. In quality control, manufacturers can determine what went wrong, document the error based on quantifiable data, and then take steps to correct the issue. 

Standardized metrology testing allows for uniformity and consistency in measurements across different countries and industries. Thus, manufacturers can rely on each other’s metrology testing results, reducing the need for duplicate testing and increasing efficiency. Moreover, consistent metrology testing practices ensure that products meet international quality standards.

Need for measurement - important terminology

Metrology is of great importance for progress in the field of design, production, natural and technical
sciences, since increasing the accuracy of measurements is one of the most effective ways of
understanding nature by man, discoveries and practical application of the achievements of exact
sciences.
A significant increase in measurement accuracy has repeatedly been the main prerequisite for
fundamental scientific discoveries.

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